Induction of endotoxin (ET) tolerance by atoxic endotoxin - a new prophylactic concept to the septic syndrome

Induction of RelB participates in endotoxin tolerance.

Using a THP-1 human promonocyte model of endotoxin tolerance that simulates the sepsis leukocyte phenotype, we previously showed that tolerant cells remain responsive to LPS endotoxin with degradation of IkappaB in the cytosol and nuclear translocation and accumulation of p50 and p65 NF-kappaB transcription factors. Despite this, endotoxin-inducible NF-kappaB-dependent innate immunity genes, li...

Endotoxin Tolerance. I. Its Induction by Experimental Pyelonephritis.

Compartmentalization of tolerance to endotoxin.

BACKGROUND Tolerance to endotoxin has been defined and analyzed either entirely in vivo or entirely in vitro. In contrast, the hyporeactivity of circulating leukocytes reported in patients with sepsis, and often referred to as the phenomenon of tolerance to endotoxin, is an ex vivo observation. Therefore, our objective was to set up an ex vivo model of tolerance to endotoxin. METHODS Mice wer...

Mechanisms of Endotoxin Tolerance

Healthy male volunteers were rendered tolerant to the pyrogenic and toxic activities of bacterial endotoxin by daily intravenous injections. Five subjects were given 0.5 microg Salmonella typhosa endotoxin for 7 days; four subjects were given Pseudomonas endotoxin, increasing over a period of 30 days from 25 to 250 microg. Reticuloendothelial system (RES) phagocytic activity was assessed by ser...

A new endotoxin adsorber in septic shock: observational case series.

AIMS Effects of a new endotoxin adsorber on the length of noradrenaline (NA) treatment, LPS (lipopolysaccharide) levels and SOFA (sequential organ failure assessment) scores in septic shock were evaluated. METHODS Two-hour hemoperfusion with LPS adsorber was initiated in patients with septic shock and endotoxemia. Controls were matched for age, focus and severity of illness. RESULTS Adsorpt...